What is Stem Cell Therapy? Stem cells are cells that are obtained from people who are fully compatible with the person or from the person's own body, which can renew themselves and reproduce. In orthopedic health problems, cartilage damage can cause pain due to the limited ability to regenerate and cause pain in general. Stem cell therapy may be preferred to improve pain or damage to cartilage. How Is Stem Cell Therapy Done? Stem cells, which are usually taken from the bone marrow and preserved in a sterile environment, are transferred to the area with discomfort or damage under anesthesia and the renewal of the process is followed.